1,439 research outputs found
New measurements of the proton's size and structure using polarized photons
Improved measurements of the proton's structure are now possible thanks to
significant technical advances that allow us to probe the proton with polarized
photons. These measurements have shown that the proton is not as simple as
previously believed: quark orbital angular momentum and relativistic effects
play an important role and the spatial distribution of charge and magnetization
do not simply mimic the spatial distribution of the quarks. Even more recently,
the large scale structure and size of the proton have been examined more
carefully, and a significant discrepancy has been observed between the charge
radius of the proton as measured in the Lamb shift of muonic hydrogen and
measurements using the electron-proton interaction.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures. Proceedings of plenary talk at CIPANP 2012, St
Petersburg, FL, May 28 - June 3, 201
New Measurements of the EMC Effect in Few-Body Nuclei
Measurements of the EMC effect show that the quark distributions in nuclei
are not simply the sum of the quark distributions of the constituent nucleons.
However, interpretation of the EMC effect is limited by the lack of a reliable
baseline calculation of the effects of Fermi motion and nucleon binding. We
present preliminary results from JLab experiment E03-103, a precise measurement
of the EMC effect in few-body and heavy nuclei. These data emphasize the
large-x region, where binding and Fermi motion effects dominate, and thus will
provide much better constraints on the effects of binding. These data will also
allow for comparisons to calculations for few-body nuclei, where the
uncertainty in the nuclear structure is minimized.Comment: Proceedings from talk at the Topical Group on Hadron Physics meeting,
Nashville Tennessee, October 22-24, 2006. 9 pages, 6 figure
Comment on "High-Precision Determination of the Electric and Magnetic Form Factors of the Proton"
In a recent Letter, Bernauer, et al. present fits to the proton
electromagnetic form factors, GEp(Q^2) and GMp(Q^2), along with extracted
proton charge and magnetization radii based on large set of new, high
statistical precision (<0.2%) cross section measurements. The Coulomb
corrections they apply differ dramatically from more modern and complete
calculations, implying significant error in their final results.Comment: To appear as a comment in Physical Review Letter
Do Ordinary Nuclei Contain Exotic States of Matter?
The strongly repulsive core of the short-range nucleon-nucleon interaction
leads to the existence of high-momentum nucleons in nuclei. Inclusive electron
scattering can be used to probe these high-momentum nucleons and study the
nature of the corresponding short-range correlations in nuclei. With recent
data from Jefferson Lab we have begun to map out the strength of two-nucleon
correlations in nuclei, while upcoming experiments should allow us to isolate
the presence of multi-nucleon correlations. In addition to their importance in
describing nuclear structure, these configurations of correlated nucleons
represent high density 'droplets' of hadronic matter. As the density of
hadronic matter increases there should be a weakening of quark confinement,
similar to the onset of deconfinement expected at extremely high temperatures.
While there have been hints of non-hadronic structure in nuclei, future
measurements will allow us to directly probe the quark distributions of high
density configurations in nuclei. A modified quark structure in these closely
packed nucleons would provide a clear signature of exotic components to the
structure of nuclei.Comment: Proceedings for the 19th Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics,
Breckenridge, Colorado, March 8-15, 2003, 6 pages, 4 figure
How Well Do We Know the Electromagnetic Form Factors of the Proton?
Recent measurements of recoil polarization in elastic scattering have been
used to extract the ratio of the electric to the magnetic proton form factors.
These results disagree with Rosenbluth extractions from cross section
measurements, indicating either an inconsistency between the two techniques, or
a problem with either the polarization transfer or cross section measurements.
To obtain precise knowledge of the proton form factors, we must first
understand the source of this discrepancy.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures; Invited talk at Electron-Nucleus Scattering VII,
Elba, Italy, June 2002 (to appear in proceedings
Are Recoil Polarization Measurements of Consistent With Rosenbluth Separation Data?
Recent recoil polarization measurements in Hall A at Jefferson Lab show that
the ratio of the electric to magnetic form factors for the proton decreases
significantly with increasing Q^2. This contradicts previous Rosenbluth
measurements which indicate approximate scaling of the form factors. The cross
section measurements were reanalyzed to try and understand the source of this
discrepancy. We find that the various Rosenbluth measurements are consistent
with each other when normalization uncertainties are taken into account and
that the discrepancy cannot simply be the result of errors in one or two data
sets. If there is a problem in the Rosenbluth data, it must be a systematic,
epsilon-dependent uncertainty affecting several experiments.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, to appear in the proceedings of the 9th
International Conference on the Structure of Baryons, Jefferson Lab, Newport
News, VA, USA, Mar 200
Nucleon Momentum Distributions From a Modified Scaling Analysis of Inclusive Electron-Nucleus Scattering
Inclusive electron scattering from nuclei at low momentum transfer
(corresponding to x>1) and moderate Q^2 is dominated by quasifree scattering
from nucleons. In the impulse approximation, the cross section can be directly
connected to the nucleon momentum distribution via the scaling function F(y).
The breakdown of the y-scaling assumptions in certain kinematic regions have
prevented extraction of nucleon momentum distributions from such a scaling
analysis. With a slight modification to the y-scaling assumptions, it is found
that scaling functions can be extracted which are consistent with the
expectations for the nucleon momentum distributions.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the 9th
International Conference on the Structure of Baryons, Jefferson Lab, Newport
News, VA, USA, Mar 200
Searching for flavor dependence in nuclear quark behavior
The observed correlation between the EMC effect and the contribution of
short-range correlations (SRCs) in nuclei suggests that the modification of the
quark distributions of bound protons and neutrons might occur within SRCs. This
raises the possibility that the EMC effect may have an isospin dependence
arising from the np dominance of SRCs. We discuss previous attempts to test
this possibility and perform a new analysis of existing data. We find no
experimental support for the observation of an isospin dependence of the EMC
effect.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted for publicatio
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